How to early detection of diabetic nephropathy?

Modern biochemical and immune detection techniques can be accurately measured out in urine albumin level, so for the early detection of diabetic nephropathy provide an important means to make this the original clinical hidden elevated albumin excretion rate in renal pathological changes become Clinical visible, it must be regularly tested in patients with diabetes, urinary protein excretion, which is the early detection of the primary means of early diabetic nephropathy, it is best to do the urine specimens from a 24-hour urine albumin quantitative. Stay urine method is to get out of bed the morning after emptying the bladder, the day of treatment and a normal diet, will not do strenuous exercise and large manual labor, from the second urine to get out of bed the next day after the first time all the collected urine into the urine, the amount of look at the total volume or total weight and recorded, and then mixing 10 to 15 milliliters urine sample taken to the hospital for testing.

Currently available through accurate determination of urinary albumin excretion, the international community to diabetic nephropathy patients were divided into three levels, that is, without proteinuria or normal proteinuria (24-hour urine protein less than 30 mg); trace proteinuria (24-hour protein in urine between 30 and 299 mg); clinical proteinuria (24-hour urine protein is equal to or greater than 300 mg). If the 24-hour urine collection difficult, you can also use a random "spot urine" to determine urinary protein excretion, but we must also determine the exclusion amount of creatinine in urine, using the ratio between the two corrections, because the glomerular filtration state also have circadian rhythm changes and affected by other factors, of course, this correction is limited to renal function is still basically a normal level of microalbuminuria and clinical proteinuria in patients with diabetic nephropathy. The urinary protein excretion by micrograms, said, urine creatinine excretion expressed with mg, urine protein and urine creatinine ratio in diabetic nephropathy divided into three levels with the above data the same, that is, the normal proteinuria less than 30 micrograms of per mg creatinine; microalbuminuria at 30-299 micrograms per mg creatinine; clinical proteinuria equal to or greater than 300 micrograms per milligram creatinine. If it is measured by the urine of a 24-hour urine protein excretion, we can calculate the per-minute rate of urinary albumin excretion.

Monitoring of urinary albumin is not only in understanding the development of diabetic nephropathy important, but also predict coronary heart disease an important indicator of the degree of risk. Very sorry that there are about 10 ~ 25% of patients diagnosed with type 2 diabetes have microalbuminuria when, and a few have clinical proteinuria exists.

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