If you suspect that you got leukemia, these checking you may need

1. Blood biochemistry

Particularly in chemotherapy, serum uric acid concentrations increased. Urinary uric acid excretion increased, even uric acid crystals. Occurs in patients with DIC can occur when the clotting mechanism. Acute monocytic leukemia in serum and urine lysozyme activity increased, acute myeloid leukemia is not increased, while acute lymphocytic leukemia, often reduced. Central nervous system leukemia occurs when the fluid pressure increased, the number of white blood cells increased (>; 0.01 × 109 / L), increased protein (>; 450mg / L). Quantitative reduction of sugar. Smears can be found in leukemia cells. Voicing degree of cerebrospinal fluid contains cells with vary.

2. Granulocyte - a single progenitor cells (CFU-GM) semi-solid culture

ANLL marrow CFU-GM colony does not produce or generate very little, while the increase in the number of clustered; remission colony to resume growth, and also reducing the recurrence of the former colony.

3. Chromosome and gene changes

Leukemia, often accompanied by specific changes in chromosomes and genes. For example, M3t (15; 17) (q22; q21) on chromosome 15, the Department of PML (promyelocytic leukemia) and on chromosome 17 RARa (Victoria A acid receptor genes) and the formation of PML / RARa fusion gene. This is the M3 the disease and effective treatment with acid-dimensional A molecular genetic. In addition, certain of acute leukemia, there are N-ras oncogene point mutations and activation. Tumor-suppressor gene P53, Rb inactivation.

4. Immunological tests

According to leukemia cell-mediated immunity markers, not only can be poured with ANLL acute differences; and may be T cells and B-cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia to be distinguished. Monoclonal antibodies can also be divided into several subtypes of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia.

5. Bone marrow puncture

Most cases of bone marrow nucleated cells were significantly increased, mainly leukemia primitive cells, accounting for the non-erythroid cells in more than 30%, while the more mature cells, absence of intermediate stage, and a small amount of residual mature granulocytes, forming so-called "hole" phenomenon. Normal young red blood cells and giant nuclear cells decreased. About 10% of ANLL myeloproliferative low as hypoplastic acute leukemia. Although the bone marrow nucleated cell proliferation is low, but still accounts for the non-leukemic cells, primitive erythroid cells, over 30%. Primitive leukemia often have abnormal changes in cell morphology, such as the cell body larger increase in the proportion of nucleus and cytoplasm, the nuclear shape abnormalities (eg, notch, depression, sub-leaf, etc.), chromatin coarse, irregularly arranged, prominent nucleoli and so on. Auer body more commonly found in acute myeloid leukemia cells in plasma in acute monocytic leukemia and acute myeloid - monocytic leukemia cells, plasma can also be seen sometimes, but does not appear in Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia. Auer body and therefore help to identify acute lymphocytic and ANLL.

6. Routine blood test

An increase in white blood cell count in most patients, disease, increased more significantly late. To the highest bidder of more than 100 × 109 / L, known as a high white blood cell leukemia. There are also many patients with white blood cell count at normal levels or reduced, and lower can <; 1.0 × 109 / L, known as the white blood cells did not increase in leukemia. Blood film classification check original and (or) naive cells, usually accounts for 30% ~ 90%, or even as high as 95% or more, but not an increase in white blood cell type is difficult to find cases of blood spots on the original cell. Leukemia patients have varying degrees of normal cell anemia, a small number of patients with blood spots on the red blood cell size, can be found in immature red blood cells. About 50% of patients platelets less than 60 × 109 / L, platelets are often very reduced late.